Wars do not take only lives, they bring institutional uncertainties, political, social destabilization and, above all, economic problems that limit the capacity for reconstruction. The challenge is to create good conditions for productive assets to be used to the maximum. The purpose of this work is to present the barriers the may limited the growth potential and differentiation of Rwanda coffee in the differentiated coffee market. The resource was based on a documentary analysis to identify the process of transformation of the Rwandan coffee chain in the attempt to position itself in the market as a producer of differentiated coffees. It also sought to know how this process contributes to aggregate value to the Rwandan coffee and how it has helped the country to achieve sustainable incomes collaborating with the reconstruction in the post-war. It was observed that the state action created an environment favorable to the induction of growth, specialization, division of labor and accumulation of knowledge favorable to the creation of new coffee market opportunities. However, this solution is not definitive for regions that are highly dependent on a commodity, but a first step toward economic and social progress through the efficient use of assets.