Editorial v. 23, n. 53, 2023

ID: 71376

Authors: Fernanda da Silva Momo, Everton da Silveira Farias.

Source: Contexto - Revista do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Controladoria e Contabilidade da UFRGS, v. 23, n. 53, p. 1-1, January-April, 2023. 1 page(s).

Document type: Editorial (Portuguese)

Blockchain accounting research: looking for the laws of Bradford, Lotka and Zipf

ID: 71377

Authors: João Guilherme Falcão Dorenelles, Romina Batista de Lucena de Souza, Patrícia Pain.

Source: Contexto - Revista do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Controladoria e Contabilidade da UFRGS, v. 23, n. 53, p. 2-20, January-April, 2023. 19 page(s).

Keyword: Accounting , Bibliometrics , Blockchain

Document type: Article (Portuguese) Show Abstract

Blockchain technology was initially created to support the development of bitcoin digital currency, which keeps records of transactions, documents and information. It is linked to the accounting theme as it acts as a ledger, which holds all customer records. This bibliometric research has its attention focused on studies that relate the blockchain with its potential uses in accounting. In order to describe the studies in the accounting area that dealt with the blockchain theme in the Scopus and Web of Science databases, it provides a description of the international journals that published the most on the subject, as well as the most fruitful authors who contributed to understanding, in association with the terms used in the researches, the interest in the subject from the accounting perspective and the directions taken by the approached themes. Based on a final sample of 103 articles, it was possible to notice a significant increase in interest in the “blockchain” topic related to accounting from 2019, 81.9% of the articles found are located after that year. The interest in research on the subject comes together with the launch of new virtual currencies and the perception of the need for regulation and monitoring of transactions. The authors perceived as leading in blockchain research addressed themes that deserve attention and are valid in the international context. Among the opportunities listed by them, the impacts on accounting systems and the interaction between accounting and internet-related technologies (cloud, big data, artificial intelligence and blockchain) stand out.

Contingencies liabilities and risk management in credit unions

ID: 71378

Authors: Larissa Pereira Pontalti, Thaís Alves da Silva.

Source: Contexto - Revista do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Controladoria e Contabilidade da UFRGS, v. 23, n. 53, p. 21-37, January-April, 2023. 17 page(s).

Keyword: Contingent Liabilities , Credit Unions , Prospect Theory

Document type: Article (Portuguese) Show Abstract

Credit unions are financial institutions that have been standing out and growing in the market. They do not aim at profits and their result is shared among the members according to the use of the services. Losses follow the same attribution, however there are barriers before these losses affect the member. It is important for credit unions to disclose information about potential risks in their explanatory notes, the so-called contingent liabilities, which can help current and potential members to make more appropriate decisions. The objective of this study is to analyze, under the scope of Prospect Theory, the effect of exposure to risks of credit unions in the Sicredi system. The method used was the documentary analysis of the annual reports of 110 cooperatives of the Sicredi system in 2019, simulating the provisioning of contingent liabilities, calculating economic-financial indicators before and after this provisioning and using the Wilcoxon test to make the comparison. The results showed that contingent liabilities disclosed in 2019 by credit unions in the Sicredi system have a significant effect on liquidity, indebtedness and profitability indicators. Which, from the perspective of Prospect Theory, generates a propensity for unfavorable decisions in relation to investing in the cooperative, since, for the individual, information about losses has greater influence than information about gains, even if the realization of these contingent liabilities is unlikely.

The influence of non-current assets held for sale on the firm's current liquidity index

ID: 71379

Authors: Maria da Soledade Ferreira dos Santos, Manuela Gonçalves Barros, Leorténolp Sabryna da Silva Oliveira, Greyce Kelly de Matos Carrijo Brito.

Source: Contexto - Revista do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Controladoria e Contabilidade da UFRGS, v. 23, n. 53, p. 38-51, January-April, 2023. 14 page(s).

Keyword: Accounting choices , Current liquidity , Non-current assets held for sale , Reclassification

Document type: Article (Portuguese) Show Abstract

A number of empirical studies indicate that the adoption of International Accounting Standards (IFRS) influences the results of financial indices used in company performance analysis. This influence stems from the greater room left by the IFRS for interpretation in the application of accounting standards. Considering that the application of IFRS allows some judgment regarding the classification of non-current assets as held for sale, this article evaluated the impact of non-current assets held for sale on the current liquidity indicator of companies. The sample consisted of 31, 36 and 32 active companies with shares traded in Latin America, headquartered in Brazil, in the years 2013, 2014 and 2015, respectively. From the application of mean/median differences tests, specifically the t-Student and Wilcoxon tests, we identified statistically significant differences between the liquidity indicator calculated with and without non-current assets held for sale. We thus show that the reclassification of non-current assets as held for sale has implications for the economic-financial analysis of companies in terms of liquidity. Our main contribution is in the analysis of the impact of the reclassification of non-current assets held for sale from the perspective of the economic-financial analysis of companies, still little explored in the related literature.

The FLEURIET model and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic

ID: 71380

Authors: Amanda Samylli da Silva, Yan Carlos da Silva Costa, Jocykleber Meireles de Souza, José Mauro Madeiros Velôso Soares, Sergio Luiz Pedrosa Silva.

Source: Contexto - Revista do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Controladoria e Contabilidade da UFRGS, v. 23, n. 53, p. 52-65, January-April, 2023. 14 page(s).

Keyword: COVID-19 pandemic , Financial Structure , Fleuriet model

Document type: Article (Portuguese) Show Abstract

The present study aims to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the financial structure of publicly traded Brazilian companies listed on the IBrx-100, through the analysis of the Management Balance Sheets (BPG) and applying the dynamic Fleuriet model of analysis of working capital. Therefore, the research typology is descriptive and documentary, as it used the Consolidated Balance Sheets as a data source. The data were obtained through the Economática® database and the Reference form available on the website of Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão (B3), thus, the final sample consisted of 76 companies, over 10 quarters, corresponding to the 1st quarter of 2019 to 2nd quarter of 2021. As an analysis technique, a qualitative and quantitative approach was adopted, using descriptive analysis applied to the Fleriet model. The survey results show that over the 10 quarters analyzed, the variables cash balance (ST), working capital need (NCG) and working capital (CDG) were respectively negative by 43.96%, 12.20% and 12.07% of the sample. In addition, there was a predominance of type 2 BPG with 45.01% of the sample, followed by type 3 with 32.41%. As well as the reduction in the number of BPG with the type 3 profile, and the increase in type 2 over the periods. Thus, based on the results exposed in this study, it was identified that a trend of change in the typology of companies, after the beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic, increasing the profiles considered solid.

A study of the economic-financial performance of the concession of Highway BR-040 (Juiz de Fora – MG to Brasília – DF

ID: 71381

Authors: Alexandre Rabelo Arcanjo, Renata Turola Takamatsu, Paula Roberta Dos Santos.

Source: Contexto - Revista do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Controladoria e Contabilidade da UFRGS, v. 23, n. 53, p. 66-81, January-April, 2023. 16 page(s).

Keyword: Accounting statements , Economic-financial performance , Highway concessions

Document type: Article (Portuguese) Show Abstract

The BR-040 highway represents one of the main road corridors in Brazil. Due to the marked scarcity of public resources for the conservation, maintenance and expansion of road infrastructure, road concessions to private initiatives have become an important alternative. The concession of the BR-040, on the stretch between Juiz de Fora and Brasília, took place in mid-2013 and the Via 040 concessionaire became responsible for managing the highway from 2014 onwards. However, in 2019, the concessionaire requested the termination of the contract of concession alleging financial and operational difficulties. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the financial statements of the concessionaire, in order to verify its economic-financial performance through horizontal and vertical analysis techniques, and the indicators of liquidity, indebtedness and profitability structure in the period of 2014 and 2018 The qualitative and quantitative approach made it possible to find very low liquidity ratios, an unbalanced debt structure and highly dependent on third-party capital, in addition to negative profitability ratios.

Spirituality and engagement at work: an analysis with accountants

ID: 71382

Authors: Cristiane Krüger, Aline Lanza Cherobini, Vitória Drescher, Luana Rauber Selli.

Source: Contexto - Revista do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Controladoria e Contabilidade da UFRGS, v. 23, n. 53, p. 82-99, January-April, 2023. 18 page(s).

Keyword: Accountant , Behavioral accounting , Professional engagement , Spirituality

Document type: Article (Portuguese) Show Abstract

In this study, the relationship between spirituality and work engagement in accountants was analyzed. The theoretical basis focuses on the binomial of engagement at work and spirituality. The methodology is quantitative, descriptive and survey. Data collection is based on the Work Engagement scales by Vazquez et al. (2015), Daily Spiritual Experiences by Kimura et al. (2012) and Spirituality by Chaves et al. (2010). Data were obtained through a questionnaire with 162 Brazilian accountants. Data analysis comprised descriptive statistics, reliability and correlation. The results revealed that accountants constantly experience daily spirituality experiences and can be considered highly spiritual. Likewise, professionals show high levels of absorption, dedication and vigor, showing that they are highly engaged. The correlation showed positive associations between the dimensions of engagement and the constructs of spiritual experiences and spirituality, demonstrating that more spiritual accountants tend to be more engaged at work. This research fills a gap in the behavioral accounting area, helping to understand the behavior of accountants, demonstrating the importance of the spiritual side for greater engagement in these professionals.