Editorial V. 16, N. 2, 2019

ID: 54083

Authors: André Cherubini Alves, Bruno Fischer, Paola Rücker Schaeffer.

Source: Innovation and Management Review, v. 16, n. 2, p. 94-95, April-June, 2019. 2 page(s).

Document type: Editorial (English)

Determinants of Student Entrepreneurship. An Assessment on Higher Education Institutions in Brazil

ID: 54084

Authors: André Cherubini Alves, Bruno Fischer, Paola Rücker Schaeffer.

Source: Innovation and Management Review, v. 16, n. 2, p. 96-117, April-June, 2019. 22 page(s).

Keyword: Brazil , Ecosystems of entrepreneurship , Entrepreneurial university

Document type: Article (English) Show Abstract

PURPOSE – The purpose of this paper is to analyze this phenomenon and identify its determinants using data from Brazilian higher education institutions. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH – Based on a data set comprehending 2,230 university students from 70 different institutions across the country, the authors develop five Probit models to assess impacts related to individual traits and systemic conditions on five dependent dimensions: entrepreneurial activity, potential entrepreneurs, high-impact entrepreneurship, serial entrepreneurship and innovation-driven entrepreneurship. FINDINGS – The lack of significance in many of the variables included in estimations suggests that student entrepreneurship seems to be a rather random phenomenon in Brazil. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS/IMPLICATIONS – Findings pose challenges for student entrepreneurship, as targets for intervention are not clear. ORIGINALITY/VALUE – Over the past decades, universities have been receiving an increasing demand to go beyond their role of producing science and technology to explore its knowledge potential to produce novel commercial applications. However, while there is a growing interest in ways to foster scientific academic entrepreneurship, universities also serve as a positive environment for student entrepreneurship training, knowledge sharing, testing ideas and learning. So far, the importance of student entrepreneurship has received far less attention than it likely deserves.

Business Process Reengineering in Developing Economies. Lessons from Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) in Uganda

ID: 54085

Authors: Gideon Nkurunziza, John Munene, Joseph Ntayi, Will Kaberuka.

Source: Innovation and Management Review, v. 16, n. 2, p. 118-142, April-June, 2019. 25 page(s).

Keyword: Business process reengineering performance , Institutional leadership , Organizational adaptability

Document type: Article (English) Show Abstract

PURPOSE – The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between organizational adaptability, institutional leadership and business process reengineering performance using the tested complexity theory in a developing economy setting. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH – This study is correlation and cross-sectional and adopts institutionallevel data collected via questionnaires from reengineered microfinance institutions in Uganda. Cluster analysis as data mining technique was used to classify cases based on respondents’ opinions into homogeneous clusters. Nvivo was used to understand the perceptions of business process reengineering performance based on qualitative data. The authors used structural equation modeling to derive the predictive model of business process reengineering performance in a developing world setting. FINDINGS – The authors find that organizational adaptability and institutional leadership are key predictors of business process reengineering performance. Results reveal a predictive model of 61 per cent based on structural equation modeling for the study variables. Cluster analysis as data mining approach explored complex patterns of reengineered business processes. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS/IMPLICATIONS – The use of cluster analysis is susceptible to problems associated with sampling error and absence of fit indices. However, the likelihood of these problems is reduced by the interaction with the data, practical implications and use of smart partial least square to generate structural equations based on derived measurement models of each study variable. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS – Policymakers of Bank of Uganda, Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning, should develop sound policies in relation to knowledge management, institutional leadership and adaptive mechanisms to enhance business process reengineering performance to take advantage of new knowledge opportunities for the improvement of their businesses. SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS – Given the results from structural equations generated, managers need to consider institutional leadership and organizational adaptability as key drivers of business process reengineering performance in microfinance institutions. The results confirm the significant role of institutional leadership, organizational adaptability in determining business process reengineering performance outcomes. ORIGINALITY/VALUE – Unlike most of the business process reengineering literature, this study contributes to literature by domesticating and testing complexity theory to explain business process reengineering performance in developing economies.

Comparing Transformational and Instrumental Leadership. The Influence of Different Leadership Styles on Individual Employee and Financial Performance in Brazilian Startups

ID: 54086

Authors: Cristiane Benedetti Chammas, José Mauro da Costa Hernandez.

Source: Innovation and Management Review, v. 16, n. 2, p. 143-160, April-June, 2019. 18 page(s).

Keyword: Instrumental leadership , Performance , Startups , Transformational leadership

Document type: Article (English) Show Abstract

PURPOSE – The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of transformational and instrumental leadership on the individual performance of the employee and the financial performance in Brazilian startups. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH – The adopted methodological construction strategy was structural equation modeling, with the purpose of applying the model to primary data collected from a sample of leaders of Brazilian startups (n = 126). FINDINGS – Results suggest that when leadership types are analyzed separately, both directly influence employee performance. ORIGINALITY/VALUE – This study has four main contributions: to test the influence of the two leadership styles on employee performance and thus to help advance the theoretical understanding of leadership; to perform this test in the context of Brazilian startups; to equip professionals with more information about the effects of crucial leadership types on individual type of employee performance; and to expand knowledge for recruitment and managerial training in initial-stage companies.

The Intensity of Private Funding and the Results of University? Firm Interactions: The Case of Brazil

ID: 54087

Authors: Márcia Siqueira Rapini, Tulio Chiarini, Pablo Bittencourt, Thiago Caliari.

Source: Innovation and Management Review, v. 16, n. 2, p. 161-184, April-June, 2019. 24 page(s).

Keyword: Brazil

Document type: Article (English) Show Abstract

ABSTRACT PURPOSE – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the academic side of university–firm linkages, reporting the results of research (called the “BR Survey”, a primary database) conducted in Brazil with leaders of research groups that interacted with firms. The authors analysed the answers from 662 research groups (from both universities and research institutes) to investigate whether the intensity of private funds affects the results of the interactions. The main intent is to answer the following question: Is there a difference between funding sources and the type of results achieved by research groups when interacting with firms? DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH – To verify the impact of some variables on the perception of the main results of university–firm interactions, highlighting the impact of funding sources, the authors present a Logit Model defined with binary dependent variables. The null value is categorized as a “scientific result” (new scientific discoveries and research projects; publications, theses and dissertations; human resources’ and students’ education) and the value 1 is classified as an “innovative/technological result” (new products, artefacts and processes; improvement of industrial products and processes; patents, software, design and spin-off firms). FINDINGS – The authors found that the modes of interaction (relationship types) and some knowledge transfer channels, besides the number of interactions with firms, have statistically significant coefficients, so their values present different impacts on the results of the interaction. The results suggest that the Brazilian innovation policy towards a more active and entrepreneurial role of universities is fostering innovative/ technological results from university–firm interactions. ORIGINALITY/VALUE – The originality of the study lies on the results found that given the fact that private funding sources do not affect the conventional mission of Brazilian universities – teaching and research – university research groups should be even more incentivized to search for private funds to carry out their research. This may be a solution to the public fund scarcity and may help in reducing the historical distance between universities and firms in Brazil.

Intellectual Property Challenges for the Roads of Innovation in Brazil

ID: 54088

Authors: Cleiton Rodrigues de Vasconcelos, Daniel Pereira da Silva.

Source: Innovation and Management Review, v. 16, n. 2, p. 185-192, April-June, 2019. 8 page(s).

Keyword: Indicators , Intellectual property management , Performance Brazil

Document type: Article (English) Show Abstract

ABSTRACT PURPOSE – This paper aims to present reflections and points of interest on the performance of Brazil and highlight the advances and challenges in relation to the intellectual property (IP) system; the authors highlight some scientific, economic and technological indicators on the main IP objects registered in the National Industrial Property of Brazil (INPI). DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH – A structured literature reviews the main indicators of IP of Brazil (2013-2017), related to the scientific and economic factors more evidenced in the global scenario, with emphasis on the investment of national GDP in R&D activities, the allocation of resources from the government sector and private initiative, as in other emerging economies, such as the BRICS. FINDINGS – Despite Brazil’s progressive efforts to achieve greater efficiency in the public IP management system, GDP investment in R&D activities for 2019 is still below the OECD average of 2.3 per cent, and the IP indicators in the areas of patent registration, industrial designs and technology contracts have been declining. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS/IMPLICATIONS – Because of the difference between the laws of the countries on IP rights, the more incisive comparison could not be established among the emerging economies, highlighting the need for a standardization between the different international legislations. ORIGINALITY/VALUE – In the scientific field, this paper allows understanding the performance of the Brazilian IP system, and the categories that require greater investments, strengthen the IP culture and stimulate integration between the international IP systems, as it is a recurrent discussion in different research studies. Originally, the paper brought together economic and scientific indicators going beyond the traditional approach that deals with IP only restricting to the quantitative of patents.

The Alignment of Organizational Structure and R&D Management in Internationalized Public Company. The EMBRAPA case

ID: 54089

Authors: Tatiane Baseggio Crespi, Priscila Rezende da Costa, Taísa Scariot Preusler, Geciane Silveira Porto.

Source: Innovation and Management Review, v. 16, n. 2, p. 193-216, April-June, 2019. 24 page(s).

Keyword: Internationalization of R&D , Organizational structure , R&D management

Document type: Article (English) Show Abstract

PURPOSE – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the organizational structure and R&D management alignment in an internationalized public company. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH – The authors performed a descriptive qualitative research using the single case method of EMBRAPA. FINDINGS – The results indicated that EMBRAPA organizational structure provides a structural framework for R&D management, promoting knowledge and infrastructure sharing. The internationalization, especially through LABEX, allows researchers to interact with research centers of excellence abroad. This makes strategic planning (Sistema de Inteligência Estratégico da EMBRAPA – Agropensa, portfolios and project arrangements) results in R&D projects, through macro programs, generating innovations for Brazilian agriculture. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS/IMPLICATIONS – It should be noted that this study presents some limitations, among them, the fact that only one company is being analyzed. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS – Therefore, EMBRAPA’s organizational structure provides a structural framework for R&D management, promoting knowledge sharing and infrastructure. This makes the strategic planning (Agropensa, portfolios and arrangements) to result in R&D projects, via macro programs, generating innovations for the Brazilian agriculture. On the contributions to the advancement of knowledge with regard to the professional management of public research institutes, it is worth synthesizing, therefore, the following practical evidence in the field and that they were key to the successful management of R&D activities in EMBRAPA. ORIGINALITY/VALUE – The choice of this company is due to its importance for the Brazilian agricultural development, to the innovations generated for the modernization of agriculture and due to it being a public, internationalized R&D company, and with a trajectory of four decades of existence.