61781

Cristiano Hordones
Antonio Zoratto Sanvicente

Revista Contabilidade & Finanças

O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a influência da estrutura de mercado sobre a concorrência entre bancos e aferir se a concorrência afeta a rentabilidade desses em diferentes países da América Latina. O trabalho também busca comparar, entre 16 países do continente, os níveis de concentração, competição e lucratividade dos respectivos setores bancários. Este artigo preenche a lacuna de pesquisa sobre estrutura e poder de mercado dos bancos em países emergentes, ao comparar o Brasil com os demais países do continente. O tema é extremamente importante em um momento de debate sobre as altas taxas de juros no Brasil, a estrutura de mercado observada e o alegado papel disso sobre os níveis de spread entre taxas de empréstimo e captação. A pesquisa fornece evidências para o debate acerca da estrutura da indústria bancária. Para avaliar a competição, utilizou-se o modelo Panzar-Rosse. A concentração foi medida pelos índices Herfindahl-Hirschman e CR5 ratio. Para verificar a ligação entre as variáveis, foram testadas as hipóteses do modelo structure-conduct-performance, por meio de amostra com 16 países da América Latina, para o período 2011-2017, utilizando regressão de dados em painel. Neste estudo, realizado para a indústria bancária da América Latina, rejeitaram-se as premissas do modelo estrutura-condutaperfomance (structure-conduct-perfomance – SCP), que afirmam que a concentração diminui a competição, ocasionando maior lucratividade do setor. Na comparação das variáveis estudadas entre países do continente, o Brasil apresentou o menor índice de competição. Já nas avaliações da concentração e da lucratividade, apresentou resultados em linha com a média. Os resultados da pesquisa servem para elucidar o intenso debate acerca da estrutura do mercado bancário. Além disso, servem como base científica para ações de reguladores, visando incentivar a competição e diminuir o spread bancário.

HORDONES, C.; SANVICENTE, A. Z. Estrutura, Poder de Mercado e Rentabilidade: Evidências do Setor Bancário na América Latina . Revista Contabilidade & Finanças, v. 32, n. 85, p. 126-142, 2021.

Hordones, C., & Sanvicente, A. Z. (2021). Estrutura, Poder de Mercado e Rentabilidade: Evidências do Setor Bancário na América Latina . Revista Contabilidade & Finanças, 32(85), 126-142.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-057x202010400

https://www.spell.org.br/documentos/ver/61781/estrutura--poder-de-mercado-e-rentabilidade--evidencias-do-setor-bancario-na-america-latina-/i/en

Artigo

Português

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