O apoio social e a intenção de rotatividade de pessoal: o papel mediador do conflito trabalho-família

ID:
66444
Resumo:
Objetivo – O objetivo deste estudo é investigar o impacto do apoio social no trabalho (AST) e do apoio social familiar (ASF) na intenção de rotatividade de pessoal (IR) por meio de ambas as formas de conflito trabalho-família (CTF), a saber, trabalho interferindo na família (TIF) e família interferindo no trabalho (FIT). Referencial teórico – O estudo está fundamentado na teoria da troca social (Blau, 1964); no modelo de demanda-controle-apoio do trabalho (Johnson & Hall 1988); na teoria da avaliação cognitiva (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984); e na teoria da conservação de recursos (Hobfoll, 1989). Metodologia – O estudo utilizou um desenho de pesquisa transversal. As escalas de medição multi-item foram desenvolvidas com base em estudos anteriores para projetar questionários de pesquisa. A análise foi realizada por meio de 277 respostas de funcionários que trabalham em diferentes governos e empresas privadas na região Ocidental da Arábia Saudita. As hipóteses foram testadas usando o SmartPLS3. Resultados – A pesquisa descobriu que o AST e o ASF predizem significativamente a IR – e que tanto o TIF quanto o FIT medeiam parcialmente as relações AST-IR e ASF IR. Os resultados mostram que o apoio por parte tanto dos domínios da família quanto do trabalho tem uma relação recíproca e desempenham papéis importantes na redução do conflito trabalho-família, com seu impacto final e desejável na rotatividade. Implicações práticas e sociais da pesquisa – A gestão deve criar um ambiente de apoio para os funcionários no local de trabalho e garantir políticas favoráveis à família, a fim de que os funcionários possam minimizar o conflito trabalho-família. O estudo indica que os familiares têm papel crucial na redução do estresse associado ao domínio do trabalho. Portanto, todos devem estender o apoio aos membros da família que trabalham. Contribuições – Esta é uma tentativa pioneira de investigar as implicações de AST e ASF em ambos os tipos de CTF (ou seja, TIF e FIT) e seu efeito final em IR.
Citação ABNT:
BAJABA, S.; AZIM, M. T.; UDDIN, M. A. O apoio social e a intenção de rotatividade de pessoal: o papel mediador do conflito trabalho-família. Revista Brasileira de Gestão de Negócios, v. 24, n. 1, p. 1-18, 2022.
Citação APA:
Bajaba, S., Azim, M. T., & Uddin, M. A. (2022). O apoio social e a intenção de rotatividade de pessoal: o papel mediador do conflito trabalho-família. Revista Brasileira de Gestão de Negócios, 24(1), 1-18.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7819/rbgn.v24i1.4153
Link Permanente:
https://www.spell.org.br/documentos/ver/66444/o-apoio-social-e-a-intencao-de-rotatividade-de-pessoal--o-papel-mediador-do-conflito-trabalho-familia/i/pt-br
Tipo de documento:
Artigo
Idioma:
Português
Referências:
ABALKHAIL, J. M. (2017). Women and leadership: Challenges and opportunities in Saudi higher education. Career Development International, 22(2), 165-183. doi:10.1108/CDI-03-2016-0029

AHMAD, A. (2010). Work-family conflict among junior physicians: Its mediating role in the relationship between role overload and emotional exhaustion. Journal of Social Sciences, 6(2), 265-271. Retrivied from: https://doi.org/10.3844/jssp.2010.265.271

ALLEN, T. D., FRENCH, K. A., DUMANI, S., & SHOCKLEY, K. M. (2015). Meta-analysis of work–family conflict mean differences: Does national context matter? Journal of Vocational Behavior, 90, 90-100. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2015.07.006

AMSTAD, F. T., MEIER, L. L., FASEL, U., ELFERING, A., & SEMMER, N. K. (2011). A meta-analysis of work–family conflict and various outcomes with a special emphasis on cross-domain versus matching-domain relations. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 16(2), 151-169. doi: 10.1037/a0022170

ARNOLD, K. A., & DUPRÉ, K. E. (2012). Perceived organizational support, employee health and emotions. International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 5(2), 139-152. doi:10.1108/17538351211239171

ASGHAR, M., GULL, N., BASHIR, M., & AKBAR, M. (2018). The impact of work-family conflict on Turnover Intentions: The moderating role of perceived family supportive supervisor behavior. Journal Hotel Business Management, 7(178), 2169-0286. doi: 10.4172/21690286.1000178

AZIM, M. T., FAN, L., UDDIN, M. A., JILANI, M. M. A. K., & BEGUM, S. (2019). Linking transformational leadership with employees’ engagement in the creative process. Management Research Review, 42(7), 837-858. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/MRR-08-2018-0286

AZIM, M. T., & ISLAM, M. M. (2018). Social support, religious endorsement, and career commitment: A study on saudi nurses. Behavioral Science, 8(8), 1-13.doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/bs8010008

BARON, R. M., & KENNY, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.51.6.1173

BLAU, P. M. (1964). Justice in social exchange. Sociological Inquiry, 34(2), 193-206. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-682X.1964.tb00583.x

BOHLE, S.A. L., & ALONSO, A. R. M. (2017). The effect of procedural fairness and supervisor support in the relationship between job insecurity and organizational citizenship behavior. Review of Business Management, 19(65), 21. doi:10.7819/rbgn.v0i0.3023

BOURINI, I., JAHMANI, A., MUMTAZ, R., & AL-BOURINI, F. A. (2019). Investigating the managerial practices’ effect on employee-perceived service quality with the moderating role of supportive leadership behavior. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 25(1), 8-14. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2018.11.001

BOYAR, S. L., MAERTZ, C. P. Jr, PEARSON, A. W., & KEOUGH, S. (2003). Work-family conflict: A model of linkages between work and family domain variables and turnover intentions. Journal of Managerial Issues, 15(2), 175-190. Retrivied from: https://www.jstor.org/stable/40604424

BRISLIN, R. (1970). Back-translation for cross-cultural research. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 1(3), 185-216. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/135910457000100301

CAPLAN, R. D., COBB, S., FRENCH, J. R., HARRISON, R. v., & PINNEAU, S. R. (1975). Job demands and worker health. Washington, DC: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

CARLSON, D. S., KACMAR, K. M., & WILLIAMS, L. J. (2000). Construction and initial validation of a multidimensional measure of work–family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 56(2), 249-276. Retrivied from: https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1999.1713

CAVAZOTTE, F. S. C. N., ARAUJO, F. F., & ABREU, A. L. (2017). Organizational identification among Brazilian public employees: A study of the cultural sector. Review of Business Management, 19(64), 18. doi:10.7819/rbgn.v19i64.3366

CHEN, H., AYOUN, B., & EYOUN, K. (2018). Work-Family conflict and turnover intentions: A study comparing China and U.S. hotel employees. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism, 17(2), 247-269. doi:10.1080/15332845.2017.1406272

CHOU, J.-S., & YEH, C.-P. (2013). Influential constructs, mediating effects, and moderating effects on operations performance of high speed rail from passenger perspective. Transport Policy, 30, 207-219. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2013.09.014

CINAMON, R. G., WEISEL, A., & TZUK, K. (2007). Work-family conflict within the family:Crossover effects, perceived parent-child interaction quality, Parental Self-efficacy, and life role attributions. Journal of Career Development, 34(1), 79-100. doi:10.1177/0894845307304066

COHEN, J. (1977). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. New York, NY: Academic Press.

COLAKOGLU, U., CULHA, O., & ATAY, H. (2010). The effects of perceived organisational support on employees’ affective outcomes: Evidence from the hotel industry. Tourism and Hospitality Management, 16(2), 125-150.

CONLEY, S., & YOU, S. (2021). School organizational factors relating to teachers’ intentions to leave: A mediator model. Current Psychology, 40(1), 379-389. doi:10.1007/s12144-018-9953-0

COTTON, J. L., & TUTTLE, J. M. (1986). Employee turnover: A Meta-Analysis and review with implications for research. The Academy of Management Review, 11(1), 55-70. doi:10.2307/258331

EISENBERGER, R., HUNTINGTON, R., HUTCHISON, S., & SOWA, D. (1986). Perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3), 500-507.

ELIYANA, A., MA’ARIF, S., & MUZAKKI. (2019). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment effect in the transformational leadership towards employee performance. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 25(3), 144-150. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2019.05.001

FONG, L. H. N., CHUI, P. M. W., CHEONG, I. S. C., & FONG, D. K. C. (2018). Moderating effects of social support on job stress and turnover intentions. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 27(7), 795-810. doi:10.1080/19368623.2018.1446862

FRENCH, K. A., DUMANI, S., ALLEN, T. D., & SHOCKLEY, K. M. (2018). A meta-analysis of work–family conflict and social support. Psychological Bulletin, 144(3), 284-314. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000120

FRONE, M. R. (2003). Work-family balance Handbook of occupational health psychology. (pp. 143-162). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.

FRONE, M. R., RUSSELL, M., & COOPER, M. L. (1992). Antecedents and outcomes of work-family conflict: Testing a model of the work-family interface. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77(1), 65-78. doi:10.1037/00219010.77.1.65

GAO, L., & JIN, W. (2015). Work-family conflict mediates the association between job demands and life and job satisfaction in chinese middle-level managers. Current Psychology, 34(2), 311-320. doi:10.1007/s12144014-9259-9

GJESFJELD, C. D., GREENO, C. G., KIM, K. H., & ANDERSON, C. M. (2010). Economic stress, social support, and maternal depression: Is social support deterioration occurring? Social Work Research, 34(3), 135-143.

GOULDNER, A. W. (1960). The norm of reciprocity: A preliminary statement. American Sociological Review, 25(2), 161-178.

GRANDEY, A. A., & CROPANZANO, R. (1999). The conservation of resources model applied to work–family conflict and strain. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 54(2), 350-370.

GRANT-VALLONE, E. J., & ENSHER, E. A. (2001). An examination of work and personal life conflict, organizational support, and employee health among international expatriates. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 25(3), 261-278. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0147-1767(01)00003-7

GREENHAUS, J. H., & BEUTELL, N. J. (1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles. Academy of Management Review, 10(1), 76-88. doi:10.5465/amr.1985.4277352

GUZELLER CEM, O., & CELIKER, N. (2019). Examining the relationship between organizational commitment and turnover intention via a meta-analysis. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 14(1), 102-120. doi:10.1108/IJCTHR-05-2019-0094

HAIR, J. F.,Jr., BLACK, W. C., BABIN, B. J., & ANDERSON, R. E. (2014b). Multivariate data analysis: A global perspective (7 ed.). London: Pearson.

HAIR, J. F.Jr., HULT, G. T. M., RINGLE, C. M., & SARSTEDT, M. (2017). A Primer on partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Los Angeles USA: Sage Publication.

HAIR, J. F.Jr., HULT, G. T., RINGLE, C. M., & SARSTEDT, M. (2014a). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Los Angeles: SAGE Publications, Inc.

HANCOCK, J. I., ALLEN, D. G., BOSCO, F. A., MCDANIEL, K. R., & PIERCE, C. A. (2013). Meta-analytic review of employee turnover as a predictor of firm performance. Journal of Management, 39(3), 573-603. doi:10.1177/0149206311424943

HAYES, A. F. (2018). Partial, conditional, and moderated moderated mediation: Quantification, inference, and interpretation. Communication Monographs, 85(1), 4-40. doi:10.1080/03637751.2017.1352100

HOBFOLL, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American Psychologist, 44(3), 513-524. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.44.3.513

HOM, P. W., LEE, T. W., SHAW, J. D., & HAUSKNECHT, J. P. (2017). One hundred years of employee turnover theory and research. Journal of Applied Psychology, 102(3), 530-545. doi:10.1037/apl0000103

JENNINGS, J. E., & MCDOUGALD, M. S. (2007). Work-family interface experiences and coping strategies: Implications for entrepreneurship research and practice. Academy of Management Review, 32(3), 747-760. doi:10.5465/amr.2007.25275510

JOHNSON, J. V., & HALL, E. M. (1988). Job strain, work place social support, and cardiovascular disease: A cross-sectional study of a random sample of the Swedish working population. American Journal of Public Health, 78(10), 1336-1342. doi:10.2105/ajph.78.10.1336

KARAM, C. M., & AFIOUNI, F. (2014). Localizing women’s experiences in academia: Multilevel factors at play in the Arab Middle East and North Africa. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25(4), 500-538. doi:10.1080/09585192.2013.792857

KLEIN, L., & COLAUTO, R. D. (2020). Perceptions of organizational justice in incentive contracts and their effect on congruence between personal and organizational goals. Review of Business Management, 22(3), 26. doi:10.7819/rbgn.v22i3.4066

LAUZIER, M., & MERCIER, G. (2018). The effect of error orientation, motivation to learn, and social support on training transfer intentions: A moderated mediation model. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences / Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l’Administration, 35(3), 419-428. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/cjas.1429

LAZARUS, R. S., & FOLKMAN, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping: New York: Springer publishing company.

LEE, P. C. B. (2004). Social support and leaving intention among computer professionals. Information & Management, 41(3), 323-334. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S03787206(03)00077-6

LEE, T. W., HOM, P. W., EBERLY, M. B., & MITCHELL, T. R. (2017). On the next decade of research in voluntary employee turnover. Academy of Management Perspectives, 31(3), 201-221. doi:10.5465/amp.2016.0123

LEUNG, Y. K., MUKERJEE, J., & THURIK, R. (2020). The role of family support in work-family balance and subjective well-being of SME owners. Journal of Small Business Management, 58(1), 130-163. doi:10.1080/00472778.2019.1659675

LINGARD, H., & FRANCIS, V. (2006). Does a supportive work environment moderate the relationship between work‐family conflict and burnout among construction professionals? Construction Management and Economics, 24(2), 185-196. doi:10.1080/14697010500226913

LIU, Y., CUI, F., SU, X., & DU, X. (2019). How social support motivates trust and purchase intentions in mobile social commerce. Review of Business Management, 21(4), 22. doi:10.7819/rbgn.v21i5.4025

LÓPEZ, M., & COOPER, L. (2011). Social support measures review. National center for latino child & family research.

MAHMOOD, M., UDDIN, M. A., & LUO, F. (2019). Influence of transformational leadership on employees’ creative process engagement: A multi-level analysis. Management Decision, 57(3), 741-764. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/MD-07-2017-0707

MAHMOOD, M., UDDIN, M. A., OSTROVSKIY, A., & ORAZALIN, N. (2020). Effectiveness of business leadership in the Eurasian context: empirical evidence from Kazakhstan. Journal of Management Development, 39(9), 793-809. doi:10.1108/JMD-05-2019-0154

MEYER, J. P., ALLEN, N. J., & SMITH, C. A. (1993). Commitment to organizations and occupations: Extension and test of a three-component conceptualization. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(4), 538-551. Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.78.4.538

MICHEL, J. S., KOTRBA, L. M., MITCHELSON, J. K., CLARK, M. A., & BALTES, B. B. (2011). Antecedents of work–family conflict: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Organizational behavior, 32(5), 689-725. doi:10.1002/job.695

MICHEL, J. S., MITCHELSON, J. K., PICHLER, S., & CULLEN, K. L. (2010). Clarifying relationships among work and family social support, stressors, and work–family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 76(1), 91-104. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2009.05.007

NOHE, C., & SONNTAG, K. (2014). Work–family conflict, social support, and turnover intentions: A longitudinal study. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 85(1), 1-12. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2014.03.007

O’DRISCOLL M, P., BROUGH, P., & KALLIATH T., J. (2004). Work/family conflict, psychological well-being, satisfaction and social support: a longitudinal study in New Zealand. Equal Opportunities International, 23(1/2), 36-56. doi:10.1108/02610150410787846

OLIVEIRA, L. B, & ROCHA, J. da C. (2017). Work engagement: Individual and situational antecedents and its relationship with turnover intention. Review of Business Management, 19(65), 17. doi:10.7819/rbgn.v19i64.3373

PINDEK, S., & SPECTOR, P. E. (2016). Organizational constraints: A meta-analysis of a major stressor. Work & Stress, 30(1), 7-25. doi:10.1080/02678373.2015.1137376

RUBEL, M. R. B., KEE, D. M. H., QUAH, C. H., & RIMI, N. N. (2017). Ethical climate and employee turnover intention in the ready-made garment industry of Bangladesh. Global Business and Organizational Excellence, 36(2), 61-73. doi:10.1002/joe.21770

RUBENSTEIN, A. L., EBERLY, M. B., LEE, T. W., & MITCHELL, T. R. (2018). Surveying the forest: A meta-analysis, moderator investigation, and future-oriented discussion of the antecedents of voluntary employee turnover. Personnel Psychology, 71(1), 23-65. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/peps.12226

SEEMA, CHOUDHARY, V., & SAINI, G. (2021). Effect of Job satisfaction on moonlighting intentions: Mediating effect of organizational commitment. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 27(1), 100137. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2020.100137

SEIGER, C. P., & WIESE, B. S. (2009). Social support from work and family domains as an antecedent or moderator of work–family conflicts? Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75(1), 26-37. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2009.03.001

SHARMA, N., & SINGH, V. K. (2016). Effect of workplace incivility on job satisfaction and turnover intentions in India. South Asian Journal of Global Business Research, 5(2), 234-249. doi:10.1108/SAJGBR-02-2015-0020

SOLTIS, S. M., AGNEESSENS, F., SASOVOVA, Z., & LABIANCA, G. (2013). A Social network perspective on turnover intentions: The role of distributive justice and social support. Human Resource Management, 52(4), 561-584. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21542

TAYLOR, B. L., DELCAMPO, R. G., & BLANCERO, D. M. (2009). Work–family conflict/facilitation and the role of workplace supports for U.S. Hispanic professionals. Journal of Organizational behavior, 30(5), 643-664. doi:10.1002/job.605

UDDIN, M. A., ALAM, M. S., MAMUN, A. A., KHAN, T.-U.-Z., & AKTER, A. (2020). A study of the adoption and implementation of enterprise resource planning (ERP): Identification of moderators and mediator. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 6(1), 2-19. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6010002

UDDIN, M. A., MAHMOOD, M., & FAN, L. (2019). Why individual employee engagement matters for team performance? Mediating effects of employee commitment and organizational citizenship behaviour. Team Performance Management: An International Journal, 25(1/2), 47-68. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/TPM-12-2017-0078

WANG, H. H. (1998). A meta-analysis of the relationship between social support and well-being. Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Science, 14(11), 717-726. Retrieved from: https://europepmc.org/article/med/9838768

WANG, I-A., LEE, B-W, & WU, S-T. (2017). The relationships among work-family conflict, turnover intention and organizational citizenship behavior in the hospitality industry of Taiwan. International Journal of Manpower, 38(8), 1130-1142. doi:10.1108/IJM-04-2015-0056

WANG, M., LIU, S., ZHAN, Y., & SHI, J. (2010). Daily work–family conflict and alcohol use: Testing the cross-level moderation effects of peer drinking norms and social support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95(2), 377-386. doi:10.1037/a0018138

WILLIAMS, L. J., & HAZER, J. T. (1986). Antecedents and consequences of satisfaction and commitment in turnover models: A reanalysis using latent variable structural equation methods. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(2), 219-231. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.71.2.219

YAO, X., & WANG, L. (2006). The predictability of normative organizational commitment for turnover in Chinese companies: A cultural perspective. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 17(6), 1058-1075. doi:10.1080/09585190600696671

YI, L., UDDIN, M., DAS, A. K., MAHMOOD, M., & SOHEL, S. M. (2019). Do transformational leaders engage employees in sustainable innovative work behaviour? Perspective from a developing country. Sustainability, 11(9), 1-18. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.3390/su11092485

ZHOU, S., LI, X., & GAO, B. (2020). Family/friends support, work-family conflict, organizational commitment, and turnover intention in young preschool teachers in China: A serial mediation model. Children and Youth Services Review, 113(3), 1-8. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104997