Resumo:
As empresas têm enfrentado pressões para integrar as questões da sustentabilidade em seu modo de operar e divulgar, externamente, os seus impactos e contribuições para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Neste contexto, a competência de gestão da sustentabilidade - relacionada à forma como uma empresa gerencia e integra os aspectos da sustentabilidade em suas atividades -, torna-se fundamental. Nesse sentido, entender como a gestão da sustentabilidade é construída ao longo do tempo torna-se importante para a sua aplicabilidade na prática organizacional. Apesar de a temática da evolução da gestão ambiental, e mais recentemente, da gestão da sustentabilidade não ser nova, a literatura aponta a existência de algumas lacunas: a falta de explicação clara do caminho percorrido (estágios) para a mudança das posturas ambientais ao longo do tempo; e a falta de detalhamento das características de cada estágio. Assim, este artigo apresenta revisão da literatura sobre os modelos de gestão da sustentabilidade, atualizando e ampliando a revisão elaborada por Kolk and Mauser (2002); e um modelo evolutivo da gestão da sustentabilidade a partir da complementaridade dos modelos identificados. Ademais, conclui-se que o tema da evolução ainda não está consolidado, sobretudo, quanto ao tipo de evolução, ao caminho evolutivo a percorrer e à operacionalização do próprio conceito de sustentabilidade pelos modelos.
Resumo Inglês:
Companies, as key actors in society, have been pressured to change the way they do business to integrate sustainability into their daily practices and to disclose their impacts and contributions to sustainable development. In this context, a new organizational competence – sustainability management – related to the way how companies manage and integrate sustainability issues in their core business, becomes relevant. Therefore, to understand how this competence is built or evolve over time is of major importance for their applicability. Sustainability or environmental management evolution is not new, however the extant literature points out that it is still incipient, it does not explain clearly how companies change their environmental stance over time or provide detailed definition or characteristics of each stage. In this context, this paper aims to understand the current state of sustainability management evolution models updating Kolk and Mauser (2002) work; and to present a consolidative evolution model for sustainability management derived from the complementarity of the identified models. We conclude that it is not indeed a consolidated discussion as there is not consensus regarding type of evolution, pathway followed and the very construct of sustainability.
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